Jus Cogens ve Hukuki Sınırlandırma Gücü: Ukrayna ve Gazze Vakaları Bağlamında Emredici Normların Normatif ve Siyasi Boyutları
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16730151Anahtar Kelimeler:
Jus cogens (Peremptory norms), Kuvvet kullanımının hukuki sınırları, Jeopolitik krizler ve uluslararası hukuk, Ukrayna-Rusya Savaşı, Gazze’de uluslararası hukuki sorumluluk.Özet
Makale, uluslararası antlaşma hukukunda kuvvet kullanma yasağına odaklanarak, jus cogens normların hukuki otoritesini ve operasyonel sonuçlarını incelemektedir. Emredici normların devlet davranışlarını kısıtlayan ve uluslararası toplumun kolektif değerlerini koruyan, değiştirilemez ilkeler olarak nasıl işlev gördüğünü analiz etmektedir. 1969 Viyana Antlaşmalar Hukuku Sözleşmesi’nde (VAHS) jus cogens’in kodifikasyonunu ve uluslararası mahkemelerin çağdaş içtihatlarını eleştirel bir şekilde ele alan çalışma, rızaya dayalı yükümlülükler yerine temel kurallara öncelik veren normatif hiyerarşiyi araştırmaktadır. Uluslararası Adalet Divanı’nın (UAD), Ukrayna-Rusya Federasyonu davasındaki geçici tedbir kararı ve Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nin (UCM) uluslararası insancıl hukukun ağır ihlallerini ele alan tutuklama emri de dahil olmak üzere son yasal gelişmelere özel bir vurgu yapılmaktadır. Bu davalar, jus cogens normlarının süregelen geçerliliğinin ve siyasi çekişmelerin ortasında bile hukuki hesap verebilirliğe rehberlik etme potansiyellerinin altını çizmektedir. Makale, uygulamadaki tutarsızlıklara rağmen, özellikle kuvvet kullanma yasağı bağlamında jus cogens normlarının doktrinel ve kurumsal düzeyde yeniden teyit edilmesinin, devlet merkezli çıkarların ötesine geçen ortak bir hukuki ve ahlaki uzlaşının giderek pekiştiğine işaret ettiği sonucuna ulaşmaktadır.
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Telif Hakkı (c) 2025 International Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR)
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